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托福詞匯之白酒真的叫white wine嗎

2017/3/7 16:10:41來源：新航道作者：新航道

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摘要：想到酒，大家應該會馬上想到wine，于是把白酒翻譯成white wine，但這是不正確的。wine是葡萄酒(由發酵的葡萄汁制成)，跟我們所說的白酒相去甚遠，white wine是白葡萄酒，red wine是紅葡萄酒。

想到酒，大家應該會馬上想到wine，于是把白酒翻譯成white wine，但這是不正確的。Oxford Advanced Learner's English-Chinese Dictionary對wine的解釋是：alcoholic drink made from the fermented juice of grapes。也就是說，wine是葡萄酒(由發酵的葡萄汁制成)，跟我們所說的白酒相去甚遠，white wine是白葡萄酒，red wine是紅葡萄酒。
我們來看看BBC官網是如何描述白酒的吧。
Baijiu is a common distilled white liquor in China made from sorghum and other grains. 在中國，白酒是一種常見的用高粱或其他谷物蒸餾制成的烈性酒。
這個句子可以說是白酒的完美定義，有木有?趕緊背下來吧!*_*其中有一個關鍵詞white liquor，跟中國的白酒對應，因此“白酒”是可以翻譯為white liquor的，翻譯為rice liquor也不錯：
Leta Hong Fincher, a frequent commentator on women's issues in China, notes that "in order to become a powerful official in China, you need to do a lot of banqueting and networking and heavy drinking of baijiu (Chinese rice liquor).
請注意，liquor是烈性酒，因此rice liquor不能理解為米酒，米酒度數比較低，一般由糯米制成，有甜味，一般翻譯為rice wine：
An essential ingredient in Chinese cooking and other Oriental cuisines, this sweet wine is made by fermenting freshly steamed glutinous rice (糯米) with yeast and spring water. It's relatively low in alcohol and can be drunk neat or used in hot dishes, marinades and glazes. It's often confused with sake and mirin but sake (a Japanese rice-based brewed alcohol) is far more delicate in taste. Substitute dry pale sherry for rice wine if you can1t find rice wine.
有些地方也把“白酒”翻譯為Chinese spirit，這種翻譯方法在BBC官網上也能找到，下面是一篇報道中國人在網上“拼酒”的新聞節選：
Thousands of videos have sprung up across China showing people sipping, drinking and downing the traditional Chinese spirit Baijiu. It’s called The Baijiu Challenge.
但Chinese spirit容易跟“中國精神”弄混，因此不太好*_*：
He introduced a new term - the "Chinese Dream" - to lay out his vision of a stronger nation based on "the Chinese path", "the Chinese spirit" and "Chinese strength".
總結一下：
白酒 white liquor/rice liquor(前面加上Chinese更能體現指的是中國的白酒)
米酒 rice wine
白葡萄酒 white wine
紅葡萄酒 red wine